← Berita Kesihatan Haiwan · 23 September 2026
💉 Vaksin RNA Kucing Pertama di Dunia: Nobivac NXT HCPChFeLV
Pada Julai 2026, European Medicines Agency (EMA) meluluskan sesuatu yang belum pernah berlaku dalam sejarah veterinar: vaksin kucing pertama yang menggunakan teknologi RNA (self-amplifying RNA). Namanya Nobivac NXT HCPChFeLV, dihasilkan oleh Intervet International B.V. (sebahagian daripada Merck Animal Health).
Ini bukan sekadar vaksin baharu — ia adalah perubahan paradigma dalam cara kita melindungi kucing daripada penyakit berjangkit.
🧬 Apa Itu Teknologi saRNA?
Self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) ialah sejenis molekul RNA yang boleh membiak sendiri di dalam sel badan. Dalam vaksin Nobivac NXT, saRNA dibungkus dalam zarah replikon virus yang tidak boleh membiak semula. Zarah ini hanya berfungsi sebagai penghantar — ia memasukkan RNA ke dalam sel somatik kucing, di mana RNA menghasilkan protein FeLV untuk mencetuskan tindak balas imun.
Penting: Teknologi ini TIDAK mengubah DNA kucing. RNA hanya berfungsi sementara dan tidak kekal dalam badan.
5 Patogen dalam Satu Suntikan
Nobivac NXT HCPChFeLV melindungi kucing daripada 5 patogen berbahaya sekaligus:
| Patogen | Penyakit | Jenis Pelindung |
|---|---|---|
| FHV-1 (Feline Herpesvirus) | Selsema kucing, jangkitan mata & saluran pernafasan atas | Virus hidup dilemahkan (strain G2620A) |
| FCV (Feline Calicivirus) | Ulser mulut, selsema, pneumonia | Virus hidup dilemahkan (strain F9) |
| FPLV (Feline Panleukopenia) | Cirit-birit teruk, muntah, dehidrasi — boleh membunuh anak kucing | Virus hidup dilemahkan (strain MW-1) |
| Chlamydia felis | Jangkitan mata (konjunktivitis) | Bakteria hidup dilemahkan (strain Baker) |
| FeLV (Feline Leukemia Virus) | Melemahkan sistem imun, penyebab kanser yang biasa pada kucing | saRNA dalam zarah replikon |
Kelebihan Berbanding Vaksin Sedia Ada
| Ciri | Vaksin Semasa | Nobivac NXT HCPChFeLV |
|---|---|---|
| Patogen yang dilindungi | 3-4 patogen (FVRCP + FeLV berasingan) | 5 patogen dalam 1 suntikan |
| Teknologi FeLV | Virus inaktif atau subunit | saRNA (lebih tepat, kurang kesan sampingan) |
| Tempoh imuniti FPLV | 1-3 tahun | 3 tahun |
| Tempoh imuniti FeLV | 1 tahun | 1 tahun (3 tahun selepas booster) |
| Kesan sampingan | Bervariasi | Bengkak tempat suntikan & demam ringan (1-10% kucing) |
Data Klinikal
Untuk menilai keselamatan dan keberkesanan vaksin ini, CVMP (Jawatankuasa Produk Perubatan Veterinar EMA) mengkaji data daripada:
- 15 kajian di bawah keadaan terkawal
- 1 kajian lapangan melibatkan 142 kucing dalam keadaan harian biasa
Keputusan menunjukkan:
- Imuniti bermula 1 minggu selepas vaksinasi
- Tempoh imuniti: 3 tahun untuk FPLV, 1 tahun untuk FHV-1, FCV, Chlamydia felis, dan FeLV
- Pengurangan kematian, tanda klinikal, dan penyebaran virus untuk semua 5 patogen
- Profil keselamatan yang baik — kesan sampingan paling biasa ialah bengkak di tempat suntikan dan demam ringan
Bilakah Tersedia di Malaysia?
Nobivac NXT HCPChFeLV menerima kelulusan pemasaran EU pada 29 Julai 2026. Untuk sampai ke Malaysia, vaksin ini perlu:
- Didaftarkan dengan NPRA (National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency) Malaysia
- Diedarkan melalui rangkaian Intervet/Merck Animal Health di Asia Tenggara
- Diluluskan untuk kegunaan veterinar tempatan oleh DVS (Jabatan Perkhidmatan Veterinar)
Apakah Maksud Ini untuk Pemilik Kucing di Malaysia?
Walaupun vaksin ini belum tersedia di Malaysia, berita ini penting kerana:
- Kurang suntikan — kucing anda mungkin hanya perlu 1 suntikan untuk perlindungan penuh berbanding 2-3 suntikan sekarang
- Platform RNA — teknologi ini boleh mempercepatkan pembangunan vaksin untuk ancaman kucing masa depan
- Keselamatan lebih baik — teknologi saRNA lebih tepat dan kurang kesan sampingan berbanding vaksin virus inaktif tradisional
- Tempoh imuniti lebih panjang — FPLV dilindungi selama 3 tahun, mengurangkan kekerapan booster
Ada Soalan Tentang Vaksin Kucing?
Doktor veterinar kami sedia membantu. WhatsApp kami untuk maklumat lanjut tentang jadual vaksin kucing anda.
💬 WhatsApp Klinik FawaSoalan Lazim (FAQ)
Adakah vaksin RNA selamat untuk kucing?
Ya. Teknologi saRNA dalam vaksin ini menggunakan zarah replikon yang tidak boleh membiak semula. RNA hanya memasuki sel somatik, menghasilkan protein FeLV untuk mencetuskan tindak balas imun — ia tidak mengubah DNA kucing. Data daripada 15 kajian klinikal dan 1 kajian lapangan (142 kucing) menunjukkan profil keselamatan yang baik.
Bilakah vaksin ini akan sampai ke Malaysia?
Tiada tarikh rasmi lagi. Vaksin ini diluluskan di EU pada Julai 2026. Untuk Malaysia, ia perlu didaftarkan dengan NPRA dan diedarkan oleh Intervet/Merck di Asia Tenggara. Proses ini biasanya mengambil 1-2 tahun selepas kelulusan EU.
Patutkah saya tunggu vaksin RNA sebelum vaksin kucing saya?
Tidak. Vaksin FVRCP dan FeLV yang digunakan sekarang masih berkesan dan penting. Jangan tangguhkan vaksinasi menunggu vaksin baharu — kucing anda tetap memerlukan perlindungan sekarang.
Berapa kali kucing perlu divaksin dengan Nobivac NXT?
Selepas vaksinasi primer, booster tahunan diperlukan untuk FHV-1, FCV, Chlamydia felis, dan FeLV. FPLV memberikan imuniti selama 3 tahun selepas booster.
Rujukan
Semua maklumat dalam artikel ini disahkan dari sumber rasmi berikut:
- EMA — EMA recommends authorisation of first veterinary vaccine using RNA technology (17 April 2026) (pengumuman rasmi EMA mengenai kelulusan vaksin)
- EMA — Nobivac NXT HCPChFeLV EPAR Product Page (butiran produk, bahan aktif, nombor kelulusan)
- EMA — Nobivac NXT HCPFeLV CVMP Opinion (18 June 2026) (butiran teknikal saRNA, tempoh imuniti, kesan sampingan)
- EMA — Nobivac NXT FeLV EPAR (vaksin FeLV sahaja, onset imuniti 1 minggu)
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institut — CVMP Recommends First Veterinary Vaccine Based on RNA Technology (penilaian keselamatan, 15 kajian + 1 kajian lapangan 142 kucing)
- EMA CVMP Meeting Highlights April 2026 (positive opinion for Nobivac NXT HCPChFeLV)
In July 2026, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) approved something unprecedented in veterinary history: the first cat vaccine using self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) technology. It's called Nobivac NXT HCPChFeLV, manufactured by Intervet International B.V. (part of Merck Animal Health).
This isn't just a new vaccine — it's a paradigm shift in how we protect cats from infectious diseases.
🧬 What Is saRNA Technology?
Self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) is a type of RNA molecule that can replicate itself inside body cells. In the Nobivac NXT vaccine, saRNA is packaged in a replication-deficient viral replicon particle. This particle serves only as a delivery vehicle — it introduces RNA into the cat's somatic cells, where it produces a FeLV protein to trigger an immune response.
Important: This technology does NOT alter the cat's DNA. The RNA is temporary and does not persist in the body.
5 Pathogens in One Injection
Nobivac NXT HCPChFeLV protects cats against 5 dangerous pathogens simultaneously:
| Pathogen | Disease | Protection Type |
|---|---|---|
| FHV-1 (Feline Herpesvirus) | Cat flu, eye & upper respiratory infections | Live attenuated (strain G2620A) |
| FCV (Feline Calicivirus) | Mouth ulcers, flu, pneumonia | Live attenuated (strain F9) |
| FPLV (Feline Panleukopenia) | Severe diarrhoea, vomiting, dehydration — can be fatal in kittens | Live attenuated (strain MW-1) |
| Chlamydia felis | Eye infections (conjunctivitis) | Live attenuated (strain Baker) |
| FeLV (Feline Leukemia Virus) | Suppresses immune system, common cause of cancer in cats | saRNA in replicon particle |
Advantages Over Current Vaccines
| Feature | Current Vaccines | Nobivac NXT HCPChFeLV |
|---|---|---|
| Pathogens covered | 3-4 (FVRCP + separate FeLV) | 5 in 1 injection |
| FeLV technology | Inactivated virus or subunit | saRNA (more precise, fewer side effects) |
| FPLV immunity duration | 1-3 years | 3 years |
| FeLV immunity duration | 1 year | 1 year (3 years after booster) |
| Side effects | Variable | Injection site swelling & mild fever (1-10% of cats) |
Clinical Data
To evaluate the vaccine's safety and efficacy, the CVMP (EMA's veterinary medicines committee) reviewed data from:
- 15 studies under controlled conditions
- 1 field study involving 142 cats under everyday conditions
Results showed:
- Immunity begins 1 week after vaccination
- Duration of immunity: 3 years for FPLV, 1 year for FHV-1, FCV, Chlamydia felis, and FeLV
- Reduction in mortality, clinical signs, and viral shedding for all 5 pathogens
- Good safety profile — most common side effects are injection site swelling and mild fever
When Will It Be Available in Malaysia?
Nobivac NXT HCPChFeLV received EU marketing authorisation on 29 July 2026. To reach Malaysia, the vaccine needs to:
- Register with NPRA (National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency) Malaysia
- Distribute through Intervet/Merck Animal Health's Southeast Asian network
- Receive approval for local veterinary use from DVS (Department of Veterinary Services)
What Does This Mean for Cat Owners in Malaysia?
While the vaccine isn't available in Malaysia yet, this news matters because:
- Fewer injections — your cat may need just 1 injection for full protection instead of 2-3
- RNA platform — this technology could accelerate vaccine development for future feline threats
- Better safety — saRNA technology is more precise with fewer side effects than traditional inactivated vaccines
- Longer immunity — FPLV protection lasts 3 years, reducing booster frequency
Questions About Cat Vaccination?
Our veterinarians are ready to help. WhatsApp us for more information about your cat's vaccination schedule.
💬 WhatsApp FAWA ClinicFrequently Asked Questions
Is the RNA vaccine safe for cats?
Yes. The saRNA technology uses replication-deficient particles. The RNA only enters somatic cells, producing a FeLV protein to trigger an immune response — it does not alter the cat's DNA. Data from 15 clinical studies and 1 field study (142 cats) show a good safety profile.
When will this vaccine reach Malaysia?
No confirmed date yet. The vaccine was approved in the EU in July 2026. For Malaysia, it needs NPRA registration and distribution by Intervet/Merck in Southeast Asia. This process typically takes 1-2 years after EU approval.
Should I wait for the RNA vaccine before vaccinating my cat?
No. Current FVRCP and FeLV vaccines remain effective and important. Don't delay vaccination waiting for a new vaccine — your cat needs protection now.
How often will cats need the Nobivac NXT vaccine?
After primary vaccination, annual boosters are needed for FHV-1, FCV, Chlamydia felis, and FeLV. FPLV provides 3-year immunity after a booster.
References
All information in this article was verified from the following official sources:
- EMA — EMA recommends authorisation of first veterinary vaccine using RNA technology (17 April 2026) (official EMA announcement)
- EMA — Nobivac NXT HCPChFeLV EPAR Product Page (product details, active substances, authorisation number)
- EMA — Nobivac NXT HCPFeLV CVMP Opinion (18 June 2026) (saRNA technical details, immunity duration, side effects)
- EMA — Nobivac NXT FeLV EPAR (standalone FeLV vaccine, immunity onset 1 week)
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institut — CVMP Recommends First Veterinary Vaccine Based on RNA Technology (safety assessment, 15 studies + 1 field study of 142 cats)
- EMA CVMP Meeting Highlights April 2026 (positive opinion for Nobivac NXT HCPChFeLV)